In this unit you will learn about the complete cycles of photosynthesis and cellular respiration, the differences between autotrophs and heterotrophs, and the distinction of ADP and ATP. This unit will describe the steps and materials used to create the Calvin Cycle for photosynthesis and the Krebs Cycle for cellular respiration. Photosynthesis is used only in plants to create solar energy and form high energy sugar. This cycle also includes energy carries such as ATP and NADPH. Cellular Respiration releases energy by breaking down glucose and other food molecules in oxygen. There are two types of cellular respiration Aerobic and Anaerobic respiration. These are some of the multiple steps in Krebs Cycle. Also in this unit you will learn about the Light Dependent Reaction and how it captures solar energy and stores the energy carriers. Throughout the Krebs Cycle there are multiple areas within, including glycolysis and the electron transport chain. Towards the end of this unit you will learn about Fermentation from the absence of oxygen. The two types of Fermentation are Alcoholic and Lactic Acid Fermentation. Alcoholic Fermentation happens when there is an absence of oxygen from yeast in glucose from cytoplasm. Lactic Acid Fermentation is when certain bacteria from glucose in the cytoplasm produce ATP lactate. During this unit you will learn about ATP again, NADPH, and FADH2, which are very important energy carriers. Both units describe about very different processes that have very different steps, which help it achieve its main goals.
Photosynthesis Diagram
Cellular Respiration Diagram
The Units Objectives:
In this unit you will learn about photosynthesis and the light dependent reactions and the Calvin cycle that take place for photosynthesis to occur.
*You will also learn about cellular respiration, aerobic and anerobic, and the cycles that take place through this process, glycolysis, the krebs cycle, and the electron transport chain.
*You will also learn about fermentation, alcoholic and lactic acid.
Key Terms: 8-1 Energy and Life ATP (Adenosine triphosphate): One of the principal chemical compounds that cells use to store and release energy. Autotroph: Organisms such as plants that make their own food. Heterotrophs: Obtain energy from the foods they consume.
8-2 Photosynthesis: An Overview Chlorophyll: The plant's principal pigment. Photosynthesis: Plants use the energy of sunlight to convert water and CO2 into high-energy carbohydrates - sugars and starches and oxygen which are a waste product. Pigment: Light absorbing molecules.
8-3 The Reactions of Photosynthesis ATP Synthase: A protein that spans the membrane and allows H+ ions to pass through it. Calvin Cycle: Uses ATP and NADPH from the light-dependent reactions to produce high-energy sugars. Light dependent reactions: Require light and produce oxygen gas and convert ADP and NADP+ into the energy carriers ATP and NADPH. NADP+: A carrier molecule. Photosystem: Light collecting units of the chloroplasts. Stroma: The region outside of the Thylakoid membranes. Thylakoids: Saclike photosynthetic membrane.
9-1 Chemical Pathways Anaerobic: Respiration that doesn't require oxygen. Calorie: The amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of one gram of water one degree Celsius. Cellular Respiration: The process that releases energy by breaking down glucose and other food molecules in the presence of oxygen. Fermentation: Process by which cells release energy in the absence of oxygen. Glycolysis: First step in releasing the energy of glucose in which a molecule of glucose is broken into two molecules of pyruvic acid. NAD+: An electron carrier.
9-2 The Krebs Cycle and Electron Transport Aerobic: Respiration that requires oxygen. Electron Transport Chain: Uses the high-energy electrons from the Krebs cycle to convert ADP into ATP. Krebs cycle: Second stage of cellular respiration, in which pyruvic acid is broken down into carbon dioxide in a series of energy extracting reactions.
By; Kristin Ford, Maddie Ochoco, and Heidi Wortell
Unit 7: Cell Energy
SummaryIn this unit you will learn about the complete cycles of photosynthesis and cellular respiration, the differences between autotrophs and heterotrophs, and the distinction of ADP and ATP. This unit will describe the steps and materials used to create the Calvin Cycle for photosynthesis and the Krebs Cycle for cellular respiration. Photosynthesis is used only in plants to create solar energy and form high energy sugar. This cycle also includes energy carries such as ATP and NADPH. Cellular Respiration releases energy by breaking down glucose and other food molecules in oxygen. There are two types of cellular respiration Aerobic and Anaerobic respiration. These are some of the multiple steps in Krebs Cycle. Also in this unit you will learn about the Light Dependent Reaction and how it captures solar energy and stores the energy carriers. Throughout the Krebs Cycle there are multiple areas within, including glycolysis and the electron transport chain. Towards the end of this unit you will learn about Fermentation from the absence of oxygen. The two types of Fermentation are Alcoholic and Lactic Acid Fermentation. Alcoholic Fermentation happens when there is an absence of oxygen from yeast in glucose from cytoplasm. Lactic Acid Fermentation is when certain bacteria from glucose in the cytoplasm produce ATP lactate. During this unit you will learn about ATP again, NADPH, and FADH2, which are very important energy carriers. Both units describe about very different processes that have very different steps, which help it achieve its main goals.
Photosynthesis Diagram
Cellular Respiration Diagram
The Units Objectives:
In this unit you will learn about photosynthesis and the light dependent reactions and the Calvin cycle that take place for photosynthesis to occur.
*You will also learn about cellular respiration, aerobic and anerobic, and the cycles that take place through this process, glycolysis, the krebs cycle, and the electron transport chain.
*You will also learn about fermentation, alcoholic and lactic acid.
Key Terms:
8-1 Energy and Life
ATP (Adenosine triphosphate): One of the principal chemical compounds that cells use to store and release energy.
Autotroph: Organisms such as plants that make their own food.
Heterotrophs: Obtain energy from the foods they consume.
8-2 Photosynthesis: An Overview
Chlorophyll: The plant's principal pigment.
Photosynthesis: Plants use the energy of sunlight to convert water and CO2 into high-energy carbohydrates - sugars and starches and oxygen which are a waste product.
Pigment: Light absorbing molecules.
8-3 The Reactions of Photosynthesis
ATP Synthase: A protein that spans the membrane and allows H+ ions to pass through it.
Calvin Cycle: Uses ATP and NADPH from the light-dependent reactions to produce high-energy sugars.
Light dependent reactions: Require light and produce oxygen gas and convert ADP and NADP+ into the energy carriers ATP and NADPH.
NADP+: A carrier molecule.
Photosystem: Light collecting units of the chloroplasts.
Stroma: The region outside of the Thylakoid membranes.
Thylakoids: Saclike photosynthetic membrane.
9-1 Chemical Pathways
Anaerobic: Respiration that doesn't require oxygen.
Calorie: The amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of one gram of water one degree Celsius.
Cellular Respiration: The process that releases energy by breaking down glucose and other food molecules in the presence of oxygen.
Fermentation: Process by which cells release energy in the absence of oxygen.
Glycolysis: First step in releasing the energy of glucose in which a molecule of glucose is broken into two molecules of pyruvic acid.
NAD+: An electron carrier.
9-2 The Krebs Cycle and Electron Transport
Aerobic: Respiration that requires oxygen.
Electron Transport Chain: Uses the high-energy electrons from the Krebs cycle to convert ADP into ATP.
Krebs cycle: Second stage of cellular respiration, in which pyruvic acid is broken down into carbon dioxide in a series of energy extracting reactions.
By; Kristin Ford, Maddie Ochoco, and Heidi Wortell